A Tale Of Two Cities By Charles Dickens - 2091 Words

France, overflowing with misery from the French Revolution, was a broken state from 1789 to 1799; however, it is in this broken state that Charles Dickens becomes captivated and proceeds to compose one of the most remarkable stories of all time. Not only does Dickens capture the essence of the revolution itself through A Tale of Two Cities, but he also captures the tribulation of the French people. As portrayed in the story, being overcome with misery compels individuals to respond in various ways. The aristocracy chooses to completely disregard the well-being of those below them. The peasants resort to acting in savage ways as a result of their inhumane treatment. However, Darnay, Miss Pross, and Carton are exceptions to this unfortunate†¦show more content†¦This situation exemplifies the fact that Darnay acts out of moral duty and honor, rather than personal gain. Because of his integrity and desire to be of service to others, Darnay insists he shall return to France in or der to aid those suffering by explaining, â€Å"one cannot help thinking, having some sympathy for the miserable people, and having abandoned something to them...that one might be listened to, and might have the power to persuade to some restraint† (182). Triggered by Gabelle’s letter convincing him to return, Darnay now realizes all he has abandoned in France. He leaves Gabelle to be troubled by the repercussions of his absence, fails to uphold his responsibilities to the family name, and, most importantly, he lets his people down. Darnay knows â€Å"that in his horror of the deed which had culminated the bad deeds and bad reputation of the old family house, in his resentful suspicions of his uncles, and the aversion with which his conscience regarded the crumbling fabrics that he was supposed to uphold, he had acted imperfectly.† (186) Taking in consideration Gabelle’s letter, his regrets, and moral responsibility, Darnay feels the Loadstone Rock, symb olizing a magnet, â€Å"drawing him to itself† and luring him closer and closer to France (187). However, he is oblivious to the danger that lays ahead. As Dickens observes, â€Å"He knew of

Women in prehistory Free Essays

The agriculture revolution change the production of food and the division of labor change due to fact that great emphasis was placed on animals and the oleos they played in agriculture which was owned by men, hence the roles of men and women shifted. Men was responsible for the majority of farming, while the women contributed to harvesting or taking care of domestic animals. The social status of women declined and their major role shifted to child bearing, food preparation, and textile and craftsman preparation. We will write a custom essay sample on Women in prehistory or any similar topic only for you Order Now 3. What were the larger societal effects that occurred as a result Of this revolution in agricultural production? Material possession and the accumulation of domestic animals, which was pass on to one generation to the next, became more valuable and amounted o wealth. As a result, neighboring tribes raided each other to steal cattle, which caused warfare. The wealthy became more powerful by lending farm labor or support in battle against other groups to poorer families. In such a society, people themselves became objects of value and exchange like animals and material possessions. 4. What evidence did the author use to come to her conclusions? In your opinion, is it appropriate to draw these conclusions from this type of evidence? Would other forms of evidence be better? How to cite Women in prehistory, Papers

Three Male Protagonists in Literature free essay sample

A comparison of the male protagonists in Chinua Achebes Things Fall Apart, Franz Kafkas Metamorphosis, and Leo Tolstoys The Death of Ivan Ilych. This paper compares the great literary works of Chinua Achebes Things Fall Apart, Franz Kafkas Metamorphosis, and Leo Tolstoys The Death of Ivan Ilych in terms of the lives of the male protagonists. The author writes the sign of the times is anxiety, these men are made more self-aware by sophisticated ways and inventions, everything instant and high-tech, but eliminating the soul and life?s meaning away from everything intrinsically natural. The main protagonists of Chinua Achebes Things Fall Apart, Franz Kafkas Metamorphosis, and Leo Tolstoys The Death of Ivan Ilyich are useful and successful social individuals before they fall into disillusionment, depression, rebellion and despair, even criminality in the case of the tragic character of Things Fall Apart. We will write a custom essay sample on Three Male Protagonists in Literature or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Two things they share and lead them to elect their own moral and spiritual disintegration are their being accomplished leaders of their social and family situations and their being male.

Soft Skills Essay Example

Soft Skills Essay Hiring is a very difficult process; it takes a lot of time, patience, and money. Gone were the days when management only looks for technical skills alone, now, they are more focused with soft skills referring to non technical skills of an individual. What are soft skills? According to Mannering (1998) they are considered to be harder to identify, to distinguish. Ironically, for many managers, the soft skills are the hard skills. Ask anyone who has had to manage change, deal with organizational politics, or build a disparate group of people into an effective team (Holbeche, 2006). Platinum skills are developed through training and delegation, active listening, giving and receiving feedback, and creating a motivational environment. (Topchik, 2004).The appreciation and recognition are two such essential factors that make an individual sure of oneself and helps in boosting their morale. As for everything, this also requires balance as well, that is the employee should know that the appre ciation and recognition received is because he/she deserved it. Unnecessary recognition and appreciation does nothing but gives a big head to the person who is not worthy of it. This fuel for motivation is highly required in most of the incidents but the overly use of it can stain the desired results.There’s also an issue regarding what the universities are teaching their students that are far from what the companies are really looking for. There is a disjoint between what skills the companies need and what universities impart to the tech students, says Ashish Sharma, a technology analyst at consultant Arthur D. Little in Singapore. (Liddle, 2006)Impact on Employer of Soft SkillsIt is considered difficult to assess the soft skills in an individual rather than the hard skills, the soft skills are very judgmental and cannot take quantitative tools into account, and however the hard skills can be easily classified as right or wrong. â€Å"And yet, ‘soft skills’ are n’t easy to spot — through traditional interviews, anyway. Savvy candidates can ‘talk the talk’—that doesn’t mean they’ll ‘walk the walk’† (McKenna, n.d.).Hence, even after the hiring process the employer cannot be cent percent sure as to whether the selected candidate would be fit in the given environment and whether he or she would be able to cope up or not. However, the given statement doesn’t state that hard skills would help in doing that as even technically sound people are not very flexible or adaptable due to which they have numerous problems in their daily lives in the professional environment.At times people are hired for what knowledge they have and are forcibly fired because they are unable to work with a team or do not possess enough skills to communicate there ideas accordingly to the required personnel. â€Å"People are often selected for their ‘hard skills’ (what they know, have d one, or are trained to do). People are usually fired for their ’soft skills’ or a lack thereof† (McKenna, n.d.).Impact on Employee on Soft SkillsIt is not only the organization that is adversely affected by an incorrect choice of recruitment but the employee as well as he/she would not feel motivated in an environment where his knowledge is not being tested and he is unable to further learn. â€Å"Here’s another reality. Two out of three new employees will not be meeting expectations six to 12 months after being hired. Some times their sub-par performance will be tolerated; some times they will be fired† (McKenna, n.d.).Hence, not only the organization is being adversely affected by the selected candidate but the candidate is also suffering as he is being judged on immaterial things rather than the knowledge which is required to pursue the job.Shift from Hard to Soft SkillsIn the recent years there has been a shift in the assessment by the Human Res ource departments of the organizations. The recruitment managers are looking more for people who have good personalities and are capable to work under pressure, are team players, get along with people etc. rather than assessing the hard core knowledge of the actual work. To some extent these features of an individual holds a lot of importance in the overall business important and the absence of which can be excruciatingly painful for the organization resulting in heavy losses even if the person is technically sound and competent. But the recent trend has begun to take a far too one sided approach ignoring the hard skills of the people hired as â€Å"the pendulum has swung too far in one direction† (Green, M, n.d.).In the process of acquiring worthy individuals, the organizations lost track when soft skills became way more important than the actual knowledge of the tasks. One needs to strike out balance in order to make sure that everything happens smoothly, excess of anything is not good. Asses yourself what you need to improve on. For an instance, you’re a System Administrator in a multi national company, most of the time you’re dealing with various suppliers not only within your location but with other countries as well. How will you be able to communicate well? Of course you have to polish your communication skills. It is also viable for you to have better presentation skills especially when there’s a need for you to explain a certain project. Merely stating technical terms would not help you convey your message across, you have to let them understand what you’re talking about, the way you give your presentation is very crucial.What will happen now to people who lack with soft skills? There are those who are honor students and always finish first to competitions. Sometimes they are mostly considered who lack soft skills; there are instances that they are only better with written exams but when they are face to face with pe ople they lack the ability to communicate. Yes, there are trainings you can attend to, but you cannot just walked out from the room feeling confident and all. You have to re evaluate yourself on how you’re going to execute what you have learned. Not an overnight changes rather it takes weeks, months or even years to get acquainted.General ImplicationsIf the organization does not choose the people that suit the nature of the job best, the presence of those individuals might later have a dire implication on the organization. Dire implications for the company would generally include wastage of time, money and effort, since the HR department and the line managers would be wasting their time in the selection, orientation and training of such employees who do not fit the job completely. Therefore it is important for the organization to make sure what holds more importance to it, that is, the hard skills or the soft skills. Employees chosen for hard skills or soft skills should be p erfectly suitable for the job in order for the organization to reap benefits that it deems for itself.For instance, a financial analysts may not required to be highly equipped with the talent of public speaking or customer service but then that’s not of importance to the job, since the job of the financial analyst requires far more hard skills than soft skills. However, a customer service representative needs to make sure that his or her appearance is presentable as it has the job description of dealing with people he or she has to make an everlasting impression on. Soft skills of public relations, communication and sales would be far more important in this case.Often is the question raised that why are soft skills required for an IT professional, some may argue that the core know-how of the technicalities are more important than having communication skills for an IT professional. The counter argument to which can be that technical know how may get a person to a status but in order to pursue further and excel in the professional world, it is important to have good communication and interpersonal skills. The probability of the IT person or a technical person using soft skills is far more than a lower level employee. The higher an employee in the hierarchy of the organization the more are the number of people he or she needs to communicate with. Therefore, it becomes imperative and essential that the person have better soft skills, along with technical skills. An HR department and the line manager need to ensure such skills in a person to be hired.Hence, both these qualities may impact the organization adversely if they are not assessed correctly in regard to the nature of the job and the organizational environment and requirement.Implications Particularly on the Employee and the EmployerThe reason that employers go for soft skills rather than hard skills is because hard skills if taught can be learnt in a relatively shorter period of time especially with hands on experience and training programs. However, it is very difficult to measure the implications of teachings of the soft skills. Hence, the employers have the perspective that soft skills should be present in the employee since the lack of hard skills can be taught via various means of on-job training.â€Å"And of course, theres the valid issue that this type of training does NOT come in pill form. Its not really possible to take a single dose and expect to see results. For soft skills to take hold they need constant practice and positive re-enforcement by the current manager in order for the behavior to become habitual. Training can only lay the foundation upon which to build a skill set, it cannot, because of its nature, be expected to provide an immediate cure† (Jager, P. 2005).Hence, the implication of shift from hard skills to soft skills on the employer has been with the rationale that soft skills are more in built in nature and cannot be inculcated, however hard skills can. Therefore, the employees should already posses the soft skills at recruitment in order to adjust to the employer’s demands. Soft skills in a candidate ensure his or her probability of success, since the better the soft skills in a person, the far more he or she can succeed since his or her ability to communicate and blend in with the organization is far more than other candidates. Additionally, this ensures success for the organization as well.The recent overvaluation of soft skills over the hard skills have paved way for those who are not so book smart but know the tactics to be street smart, while the people with mediocre communication, teamwork and flexibility skills are at a disadvantage despite of knowing their work properly. Hence, the implications on the employees of the shift have been dire on those who don’t possess the soft skills while beneficial for others.There has been a lot of debate on the possession of both the skills with choice required t o be made between the two skills as â€Å"The problem is, it is unusual to find that desired blend of hard and soft skills† (Stuart. J, 2005).ConclusionHence, in order to attain the most deserving candidate, it is very important for the recruitment managers to strike a balance between the abilities which are required for the employee to survive in the professional world and the technical knowledge and expertise that is needed. As for now, the inclination towards soft skills have increased drastically which needs to be taken into account as the world might loose onto the deserving people who know what they are doing and how to do it.It would not be inappropriate to state that each skill has its own importance which should be given its due respect. Overemphasizing on one when the other is more important would do no good to the organization and would in fact end up affecting it adversely. Hence, both the skills should be weighed equally by the organization in order to strike a b alance and achieve the most out of an individual’s capabilities.ReferencesGreen, M. (n.d.). Soft Skills vs. Hard Skills? Retrieved on 9th March 2007 from http://www.aptitude-testing.com/hrpeople.htmMcKenna, J. (n.d.). Employers Ramp Up Hiring Job growth explodes in April. Retrieved on 10th March 2007 from http://www.kennacompany.com/articles/EmployersRampUpHiring.htmStuart, J. (2005). Hard Skills, Soft Skills. Retrieved on 11th March 2007 from http://www.customerservicemanager.com/hard-skills-soft-skills.htm

Modernization and Dependency essays

Modernization and Dependency essays Dependency is a process associated with the economies of many Third World countries that is formatted in terms of external factors. Dependency exists when a country relies on a single (or a limited few) exports that are sold to more industrialized countries, manufactured and then resold to the country of origin for a higher price. This means that a country's income from exports is continually insufficient to meet the cost of The nature of dependency theory categorizes countries into one of two types: dominant and dependent. Many formally colonized countries (such as India) were organized along this type of economic structure. The primary state was automatically the imperialist overseer and the dependent state was the colony. Single export economies were also common within the colonial network (consider coffee from Brazil or sugar from the Caribbean). Dependent states tend toward a low per capita GNP as direct result of their dependency. "The dependent states supply cheap minerals, agricultural commodities, and cheap labor, and also serve as the repositories of surplus capital, obsolescent technologies, and manufactured goods. These functions orient the economies of the dependent states toward the outside: money, goods, and services do flow into dependent states, but the allocation of these resources are determined by the economic interests of the dominant states, and not by the economic interests of the dependent Economic dependency is a result of direct intervention and manipulation of the economic structure in poorer countries. Industrialization is limited as a result of outside control and domination. These are countries that are exploited for the purpose of providing specific export products and, or, cheap labor to the detriment of the native population and the benefit of the dominant state. Politically, ...

How to Punctuate Descriptions of Colors

How to Punctuate Descriptions of Colors How to Punctuate Descriptions of Colors How to Punctuate Descriptions of Colors By Mark Nichol Use of hyphens and commas in phrases that include names of colors is the cause of some confusion among writers. Here’s a discussion of when to insert or omit these punctuation marks when referring to colors. As with most other phrasal adjectives, pairs of words that together describe the color of an object should be hyphenated: A suit that is dark blue (referring to degree of saturation) is a dark-blue suit, and a suit that is blue gray (identifying a combination of colors) is a blue-gray suit. (Note, too, that a modifying phrase referring to color, like most phrasal adjectives, is not hyphenated when it follows rather than precedes the noun it modifies.) The previous rule applies not only to combinations of colors but to degrees (â€Å"greenish-blue dress,† â€Å"a dress that is greenish blue†) or comparisons (â€Å"snow-white fabric,† â€Å"fabric that is snow white†) of color. Remember, too, that light has two distinct meanings: A light green package is a green package that doesn’t weigh much; a light-green package is a package that is a light shade of green. When the adjective or phrasal adjective follows the noun or noun phrase, and no hyphenation occurs, the distinction is still clear: The first description is of a green package that is light, and the second is of a package that is light green. When the name of a color is one of two or more adjectives preceding a noun, whether and which of the adjectives are separated by commas depends on whether they are coordinate adjectives or not whether they each modify the noun, rather than one modifying a phrase consisting of an adjective and a noun. For example, in â€Å"a tall, green pole,† a comma separates the two adjectives because they are coordinate, or equivalent. To test this fact, either replace the comma with and (â€Å"a tall and green pole†) or reverse the order of the adjectives (â€Å"a green, tall pole†). If these changes make sense (even though the original syntax is better), the adjectives are coordinate, meaning that they both refer to the pole, and the comma is required. In â€Å"a weathered green pole,† by contrast, the adjectives are noncoordinate: Weathered and green do not each modify pole; weathered modifies â€Å"green pole,† so no comma is necessary. Various references to combinations of two or more colors are also distinguished by the use or omission of hyphens. For example, â€Å"She has only black and white shoes† means that all of the person’s shoes are either black or white, but â€Å"She has only black-and-white shoes† means that the person’s shoe collection consists only of shoes in which each pair is black and white. â€Å"Yellow, pink, and red flowers† refers to flowers colored yellow, pink, or red, whereas â€Å"yellow-pink-and-red flowers† denotes tricolored flowers. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Punctuation category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Slang Terms for MoneyWhenever vs. When Ever50 Musical Terms Used in Nonmusical Senses

Fund an exploration program for a Search for Life Term Paper

Fund an exploration program for a Search for Life - Term Paper Example ehab Inc., NASDAQ: ASTC) is an example of a small, publicly traded company involved in the business of space exploration, mission supplies, research and development of space exploration technologies. One of the greatest successes of supra-national cooperation in space exploration is the International Space Station (ISS), built and developed in coordination with advanced scientific teams from over 15 different nations. (NASA, 1998) In order to develop and plan for the search for life in our solar system, as well as to fund this search through private investment that is sustainable and profitable for shareholders over time, a private company should be formed that seeks to replicate the facilities, research, and success of the International Space Station in orbital locations across the solar system. The company should also engage in the production of â€Å"interplanetary gliders† powered by solar sails and ion drives that are able to travel through the low gravity environments be tween the planets. By establishing orbital communities around the other planets in our solar system, as well as the moons of these planets, the company can used already known and developed technologies to innovate and make the current plans more efficient, that human colonies can be established around the solar system to be dedicated to the search for life on other planets and moons. Due to the benefits of specialization and cooperation, the â€Å"heavy lifting† of escaping the Earth’s gravity system and transporting goods, people, and equipment into space via rocket or shuttle systems should be sub-contracted initially to other companies such as SpaceX, while the company under proposal, to be named initially the SpaceHub Investment Group (SIG), should specialize in building fully complete and replicable ISS-style space habitation units. In order to attain an advantage in research, intellectual property, press exposure, and experienced personnel for this venture, SIG should first attempt a

Is health and physical education beneficial enough to students to keep Essay

Is health and physical education beneficial enough to students to keep in our school systems - Essay Example 7) However, school curriculum should not be confined to teaching academic subjects that hone the students’ intellectual skills. The personality and behavior of an individual is developed through absorbing diverse issues that shape their needs, preferences and actions. Individuals do not exist in a nutshell; they interact, relate, and behave in specific manners which eventually affect their health. According to Kolbe (1993 p. 12), â€Å"the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) finds that most major health problems in the United States today are caused by six categories of behavior: behaviors that lead to intentional and unintentional injuries; smoking; alcohol and other drug use; sexual behaviors leading to sexually transmitted diseases, HIV infection, and unintended pregnancy; poor nutrition; and lack of physical activity†. He further emphasized that â€Å"behaviors and attitudes about health that are initiated during childhood are responsible for most of the leading causes of death, illness, and disability in the United States today. Comprehensive school health education programs represent one effective way of providing students with the knowledge and skills to prevent health-impairing behaviors.† (Kolbe 1993 p. 13) The schools’ curriculum should include subjects which promote health and physical education to enforce correct behavioral patter ns at a young age and continue this positive reinforcement until adulthood. Therefore, health promotion and physical education in the schools is of critical importance. There has been the underlying belief that â€Å"if young people (5-18 years) receive basic knowledge about a health issue, they will adopt appropriate health enhancing behaviours. Most school health programs, projects and packages were designed based on this belief. However, research in the last 20 years suggests that the provision of information will lead to behavior change approach is

Cultural Tasks Essay Example for Free

Cultural Tasks Essay The main idea of postmodernism is that individuals from different cultures have diversified values, beliefs, interests and perspectives, which are not the result of natural human nature, but have been formed by human history and culture. Since at a particular time knowledge is socially constructed in different ways, it changes through time from one context to another. As a result, there is no universal truth about anything; it should rather be perceived as multiple truths about different issues and concepts, which are unique and applicable for particular situations and cultures. The current chapter discusses the principles of postmodernism as applied to educational changes offered by modern grand schemes and programs. According to postmodernists, the best way to achieve changes is to combine collaborative and individual efforts. Though, since changes are usually unpredictable, there is no guarantee whether those efforts and actions can lead to real success and progress. Moreover the perception of the progress differs among nations and cultures: while one culture can consider change as positive leading to progress, the other might consider such change as negative or undesired. If to apply postmodernism ideas toward the educational programs and changes they can bring, it is possible to state that there is little guarantee that contemporary grand schemes and programs such as No Child Left Behind can bring positive change to schools and educational changes. On the contrary, the changes within the school premises are usually caused and influenced by the local context, which might include the school culture, the environment of the community the school is located and other aspects. To determine what can bring educational change might require certain research by gathering and analyzing the related information. Since self-study, according to postmodernism, is socially constructed knowledge, it cannot be applied without the external data of multiple values and experiences. Nowadays many schools try to implement uniformity in cloths, lectures, teaching methods, attitude to students, etc. From one side, it is a good way of making all students feel as they all have equal chances to learn and show their knowledge. However, according to postmodernists, such uniformity might suppress the personality and opportunities of some more progressive students. That is why, it is very important to identify what should be the same in the schools and what should be different. To ensure positive and effective changes in schools it is important to organize the combined work between school members by applying innovative and latest teaching methods in order to change teaching and learning for all the students. Change in the school teaching methods can be achieved if every teacher realizes the importance of personal professional learning, the results of which can mature the learning process of the students. It is not mandatory that such learning should be professional and obtained from some learning center or university. It can start from everyday desire to learn something new and apply this new knowledge into the teaching process. Moreover, every teacher should try to understand each students way of perceiving information, recognize and respect diversity among students and apply the teaching methods, which will be the most effective for all the students in the classroom. Finally, collaborative learning stimulates deep thinking about teaching and learning while ensuring that the students are prepared to be active participants in a global world. There can be large number of different educational programs, teaching styles, and advices, but the most important thing is to realize and understand the individual nature of each student and his/her demands in the education. Friendly, trustful and respectful teachers/students relationships are the most important factor in the teaching process. Works Cited: Part 6: Cultural Tasks of Supervision, pp. 414-456.

Empirical Research Essay -- science

Empirical Research Empirical research is defined by the context of two separate types of study. Both methods are of value to the researcher in his/her quest for better understanding of the test subjects. However, correlational and experimental studies each has its own set of qualifications which allow for differences in subject and matter. Scientifically, some of these are useful, though others could be viewed as problematic. Correlational research is the process of studying the relationship between two variables. The examiner does not manipulate a relational study. Findings can either be positive, negative, or unrelated. Though scientific in the final statistical manner; the researcher uses his senses to observe and ultimately determine into which category a study falls. A positive correlation shows increases in both variables. Alternately, negative correlation looks at the increase in one variable, and the relation to the decrease in the other variable. There has to be an association between the two, or the result is unrelational. The scientific element to a correlational study is a measurable expression of degree defined as the correlational coefficient. It is a practical technique that gives a representation to the study. Numbers correspond with the level of correlation from a negative one demonstrating a perfect negative correlation, to positive one, showing a precise positive correlation. A zero on this graph would indicate no relation, or an unrelational cor...

An Analysis of Jim Morrison’s Poetry

An Analysis of Jim Morrison's Poetry Through the Eyes of a Fan. James Douglas Morrison’s poetry was born out of a period of tumultuous social and political change in American and world history. Besides Morrison’s social and political perspective, his verse also speaks with an understanding of the world of literature, especially of the traditions that shaped the poetry of his age. His poetry expresses his own experiences, thoughts, development, and maturation as a poet — from his musings on film at UCLA in The Lords and The New Creatures, to his final poems in Wilderness and The American Night.It is my intention to show Morrison as a serious American poet, whose work is worthy of serious consideration in relation to its place in the American literary tradition. By discussing the poetry in terms of Morrison’s influences and own ideas, I will be able to show what distinguishes him as a significant American poet. In order to reveal him as having a clearly defi ned ability as a poet, my focus will be on Morrison’s own words and poetry. I will concentrate on his earlier work to show the influence of Nietzsche and French poets such as Arthur Rimbaud and Antonin Artaud and the effect they had on Morrison’s poetry and style.Morrison’s poetic style is characterised by contrived ambiguity of meaning which serves to express subconscious thought and feeling—a tendency now generally associated with the ‘post-modern’ or avant garde. His poetic strength is that he creates poetry quite profound in its effect upon the reader, by using vividly evocative words and images in his poems. While it is obvious that Morrison has read writers that influence his work, and their influence remains strong in subject and tone, he still manages to make it his own in the way he adapts these influences to his style, experiences, and ideas.We would expect to find remnants of quotes, stolen lines and ideas, in a lesser writer, but Morrison shows his strength as a poet by resisting plagiarism and blatant ‘borrowing,’ in order to achieve originality in his own verse. As T. S. Eliot has said, â€Å"Bad poets borrow, good poets steal. † Morrison’s poetry is very surreal at times, as well as highly symbolic — there is a pervading sense of the irrational, chaotic, and the violent; an effect produced by startling juxtapositions of images and words. Morrison’s poetry reveals a strange world — a place peopled by characters straight out f Morrison’s circus of the mind, from the strange streets of Los Angeles boulevards and back alleys. Morrison’s speech is a native tongue, and his eye is that of a visionary American poet. He belongs to what poet and critic Jerome Rothenberg calls the â€Å"American Prophecy . . . present in all that speaks to our sense of ‘identity’ and our need for renewal. † Rothenberg sees this prophetic tradition as: Affirming the oldest function of poetry, which is to interrupt the habits of ordinary consciousness by means of more precise and highly charged uses of language and to provide new tools for discovering the underlying relatedness of all life . . A special concern for the interplay of myth and history runs through the whole of American literature. Thoreau, Emerson, and Whitman saw the poet’s function in part as revealing the visionary meaning of our lives in relation to the time and place in which we live . . . we have taken this American emphasis on the relationship of myth and history, of poetry and life, as the central meaning of a ‘prophetic’ native tradition. The lasting impression of Morrison’s poems is that they attempt to render the dream or nightmare of modern existence in terms of words and imagery, quite bizarre and obscure, yet compelling at the same time.An important aspect about the body of his work and his commitment to his particular style, o ne closely aligned to Rothenberg’s ‘prophetic’ tradition, is that it is in the tradition of what other poets of his time were writing. Morrison’s early experiments with poetry and prose, written between 1964-69, depict — in the language of an intellectually ambitious film student — the strong influence of people such as Nietzsche and Artaud, and his ideas on aesthetics, philosophy, life, and film in particular.His early writings are the foundation on which he develops his poetic style. All the motifs, symbols, and imagery introduced in his first collection of poems recur continuously throughout his later works. The Lords and The New Creatures was conceived as two separate books; however, it was published as one book containing Morrison’s ideas and poetry. Essentially, it is a forum for the fleshing out of style. The first half of the book The Lords: Notes on Vision, is a collection of notes and prose poems; while the second half, The N ew Creatures, is an assortment of poetry.The Lords is a motley work of ideas and prose, loosely held together with motifs of death, cinema, and the reinterpretation of mythical and theatrical theory. While originality seems to be in short supply, and naive idealism in abundance, it is interesting for the allusion to, and presentation of philosophical and aesthetic ideas, central to Morrison’s poetry. Stylistically, The Lords reflects his propensity for ‘dark’ imagery and self-mythology, which would later be a fundamental characteristic of his poetry and performance.The motifs that pervade all of his poetry abound; the ‘city’, ‘sex’, ‘death’, ‘assassins’, ‘voyeurs’, ‘wanderers’, ‘deserts’, ‘shamanism’, and so on. The autobiographical and historical references in the poems reflect the myth making process of turning fact into fiction: the inner world of the psyche and its perceptions of surroundings, a mythological landscape of Morrison’s mind. The poetry, however, has a strong sense of place; the strong observational power of the astute outsider, works well in the invocations of strange border towns and locations. His vision of Los Angeles, or ‘L'america’, is profound in its focus and impressions.It is even stranger because of the ambivalent nostalgia Morrison seems to hold for the place, where he had lived and performed with the Doors: â€Å"Los Angeles is a city looking for a ritual to join its fragments. † At first, for Morrison, it was musical theatre that would attempt to provide the ‘ritual’ for the city, using his shaman principles to try to ‘join its fragments’, and bring his audience together. When that failed, and the ‘summer of love’ and the notion of hippie solidarity had dissipated, he turned to his poetry as the ritual that would piece together the fragments of his own experience.Like Eliot’s ‘fragments’ shored against his ruins in The Waste Land, Morrison’s words and poetry are the means by which he can make sense of his world and guard against his aesthetic mortality. However, as always in his poems, there is a sense of cynicism, directed toward himself as well as the reader. Almost as if, his suffering and sacrifices, made in the name of art and cultural freedom, were not for his own benefit but for the benefit of â€Å"you,† the reader: Words are healing. Words got me the wound and will get me wellIf you believe it. This segment from the absurdly titled, ‘Lament for the Death of my Cock,’ reflects Morrison’s pessimism and poetic idealism. The sense of suffering expressed in this later poem is also found in his earlier work The Lords, in relation to the idea of sacrifice for the good of all: â€Å"What sacrifice, at what price can the city be born? † Morrison’s early aw areness of society’s ills, and his benevolent sense of social responsibility, meant that he had a personally doomed and intense experience of America and its ideals.In particular, the ‘Western Dream,’ as expressed in his apocalyptic invocation of a ‘brave new world’ of dreamlike existence and ritual: â€Å"We are from the West. The world we suggest should be a new Wild West, a sensuous, evil world, strange, and haunting. † With his own experience informing his work, Morrison begins The Lords by addressing the reader rhetorically, as if revealing some truth about modern existence. He introduces his analogy of a society’s relation to place, in terms of a ‘game’. His vision of the city is one of a dystopian environment—it is an interpretation of the American condition and all modern civilisations.Morrison sees the city in modernist and symbolist terms: the metropolis as a metaphorical reflection of society: We all live in the city. The city forms – often physically, but inevitably psychically – a circle. A Game. A ring of death with sex at its center. Drive toward outskirts of city suburbs. At the edge discover zones of sophisticated vice and boredom, child prostitution. But in the grimy ring immediately surrounding the daylight business district exists the only real crowd life of our mound, the only street life, night life. Diseased specimens in dollar hotels, low boarding houses, bars, pawn shops, urlesques and brothels, in dying arcades which never die, in streets and streets of all-night cinemas. Like Eliot’s invocation of the â€Å"unreal city† in The Waste Land, inherited from Baudelaire’s line about the â€Å"[s]warming city, city full of dreams, where ghost’s in broad daylight catch the walker’s sleeve,† there is a relation of person to place. Rimbaud’s perception of a city is more in line with Morrison’s, when he cries: â€Å"O sorrowful city! O city now struck dumb, / Head and heart stretched out in paleness / In endless doorways thrown wide by time; / City the Dismal Past can only bless: / Body galvanised for sufferings yet to come. Morrison’s almost socialist perception of American society and its negative effect upon culture and people, is one of the main concepts behind The Lords. He defines it as: the feeling of powerlessness and helplessness that people have in the face of reality. They have no real control over events or their own lives. Something is controlling them. The closest they ever get is the television set. In creating this idea of the lords, it also came to reverse itself. Now to me, the lords mean something entirely different. I couldn’t really explain.It’s like the opposite. Somehow the lords are a romantic race of people who have found a way to control their environment and their own lives. They’re somehow different from other people. The concept o f the ‘lords’ is a philosophical construct and a poetical device used to distinguish society as hierarchical. Morrison’s idea of the lords can be related to Nietzsche’s view in The Will to Power (1967), of â€Å"the Lords of the Earth — that higher species which would climb aloft to new and impossible things, to a broader vision, and to its task on earth. The lords are the poets and artists — the people who are revolutionaries, who seek to change the conformist culture in which they exist and lead society forward: The Lords. Events take place beyond our knowledge or control. Our lives are lived for us. We can only try to enslave others. But gradually, special perceptions are being developed. The idea of the â€Å"Lords† is beginning to form in some minds. We should enlist them into bands of perceivers to tour the labyrinth during their mysterious nocturnal appearances. The Lords have secret entrances, and they know disguises. But they give themselves away in minor ways.Too much glint of light in the eye. A wrong gesture. Too long and curious a glance. The Lords appease us with images. They give us books, concerts, galleries, shows, cinemas. Especially the cinemas. Through art they confuse us and blind us to our enslavement. Art adorns our prison walls, keeps us silent and diverted and indifferent. Door of passage to the other side, the soul frees itself in stride. In contrast to The Lords, Morrison’s companion text The New Creatures, emphasises the nightmarish existence of other ‘creatures’ who are submissive and almost sub-species in their herd mentality and hellish existence.The violent imagery and surreal nature of the verse in The New Creatures, creates a disorganised and chaotic collection of poetry that seems to have no apparent motive or logic. The content is highly subjective and foreign to most readers; some allusions and imagery are familiar in their generality, yet pointless in the apparent obscurity and juxtaposition. The poems’ personal content unfortunately makes most of The New Creatures inaccessible in their metaphorical and symbolic rendition of Morrison’s psyche.In parts, Morrison evokes a tone and a cadence with the structure of word and image interplay similar in effectiveness to the lyrics he wrote for The Doors, some of which he actually performed: Ensenada the dead seal the dog crucifix Ghosts of the dead car sun. Stop the car. Rain. Night. Feel. Most of the poems in The New Creatures seem strange and unrelated. Morrison gives the reader a clue to his method of poetry, by his comments on art forms like film, especially when his poetry is so obviously cinematic in its style and effect.He states, with a reference to the modernist idea of art replicating ‘stream of consciousness,’ that he was â€Å"interested in film because, to me, it’s the closest approximation in art that we have to the actual flow of consciousne ss. † Many of Morrison’s poems throughout his work are like film-clips in an avant-garde surrealist cinema. There is an intellectual, yet dreamy quality to his juxtaposition of ideas and insights about the world. Like the main technique of crowd manipulation he used on stage, Morrison uses the pause for great effect, yet not in the conventional grammatical or formal sense.Instead of a caesura, an ellipse, or a new line (all of which he also uses to effect), he uses an image as a barrier to overcome, to be ‘broken through’: Savage destiny Naked girl, seen from behind, on a natural road Friends explore the labyrinth — Movie young woman left on the desert A city gone mad w/ fever This pause, this break in flow or subject (in this case the metaphorical ‘labyrinth’) renders the verse as a staccato series of images rather than a progressive stream of ideas and words. In other words, the structure of the poem does try to replicate the irrationa l logic of stream of consciousness.Often these poems differentiate themselves from Morrison’s more coherent pieces; characteristically, they are like abstract paintings of violent and bizarre scenes, giving the reader a sense of the intoxicated state prevalent throughout much of Morrison’s notorious, alcoholic and drug-abused, life. Reading some of Morrison’s less adept poetry is like reading notes someone took while experiencing an LSD trip. This is what a vast percentage of them actually are according to legends of Morrison’s excesses.The same elements combine in his more proficient poetry; in intonation, profound visions, states of consciousness, and hallucinatory images, all culminating in a unique contemplation of the world. His cinematic technique of image juxtaposition also emulates the effects of a ‘psychedelic’ experience, which could also be interpreted as no less than an experience of Morrison’s world and the ‘60s itse lf. Poetry, and his idea of the Poet, was the genesis for most of Morrison’s experience. Poetry inspired and vocalised his love of the cinematic visual, performance art, and musical lyricism.It also expressed his most profound thoughts, philosophies, and beliefs; it was a means to relay his world, which was increasingly close to destruction. In The American Night, his poem ‘An American Prayer’ echoes Frazer’s Golden Bough along with the philosophies of Artaud and Nietzsche. Morrison appeals in his lament for understanding, for a consensus that technology and so-called ‘progress’ is not necessarily better or more exciting than the mythically imbued past: Let’s reinvent the gods, all the myths of the agesCelebrate symbols from deep elder forests . . . We have assembled inside this ancient and insane theatre To propagate our lust for life and flee the swarming wisdom of the streets . . . I’m sick of dour faces Staring at me from the T. V. Tower. I want roses in My garden bower; dig? In this sense, his attitude toward modernity is one of disdain, similar to Eliot’s perception of a defunct Western civilisation in The Waste Land. Consistently, throughout his poems, Morrison is anti-TV, almost as if he sees it as responsible for contemporary society’s decline.It is paradoxical in that he vehemently supports a view of the world through the camera lens of the filmmaker’s eye. Apart from this cinematic aspect that carries through from his earliest work, the consistent use of dark and violent imagery, and the allusion to sublime philosophy and art, there is no one unifying aspect to his poetry. There is, however, an element of autobiography in the poems, subtly placed in the symbols and motifs associated with the lead singer of the Doors: Snakeskin jacket Indian eyes Brilliant hair He moves in disturbedNile Insect Air In The New Creatures, references abound to his clothes, ‘Indian’ vi sions, Alexandrine hair, and shamanic dance moves — it is a story about himself. We then are introduced to the poet’s perception of his reader: You parade thru the soft summer We watch your eager rifle decay Your wilderness Your teeming emptiness Pale forests on verge of light decline. More of your miracles More of your magic arms â€Å"You,† are the reader along for the journey; â€Å"we† are the ‘lords,’ the poet speaks—enlightened ones, the ones who can see ‘your wilderness’ . . America? He continues: ‘You’ are lost now, ‘we’ are still the one’s who can see what the reader cannot. Morrison invites us into his world, but the reader is always kept at ‘arm’s’ length. In the next section of the poem, we are introduced to the state of the world and its inhabitants; disease, despair, images of torture, and the ominous presence of death always lurking in the background. A st range exotic world is revealed, with rites and customs straight out of Sir James Frazer’s The Golden Bough: Bitter grazing in sick pasturesAnimal sadness and the daybed Whipping. Iron curtains pried open. The elaborate sun implies dust, knives, voices. Call out of the Wilderness Call out of fever, receiving the wet dreams of an Aztec King. The ‘elaborate’ sun is elaborate in its context; the ‘iron curtain’ forcibly opened reveals war, communism, Stalinist tyranny etc. The ‘sun’ could be a reference to the east, the land of the rising sun (also the name of a city in Ohio); its place in the wilderness ‘implies’ its ancient and customary qualities of meaning.The Aztec King brings a whole new dimension and significance to the sun as the ancient Mayans used the blood of human sacrifices to strengthen the daily journey of the sun across the sky. The characters of the poems are ‘creatures’ of a nightmarish world. It is only upon realising that the creatures are meant to be us—we modern humans—that the fragments of society, held up to us as a mirror of ourselves through the experience of the author, become familiar.Robert Duncan, a poet from Morrison’s era, in a passage reminiscent of Morrison’s credo of ‘wake up’ and the paradoxical consequence of his (Morrison’s) beliefs, perhaps best sums up the poet’s meaning and reason for creating such a world: It is in the dream itself that we seem entirely creatures, without imagination, as if moved by a plot or myth told by a story-teller who is not ourselves. Wandering and wondering in a foreign land or struggling in the meshes of a nightmare, we cannot escape the compelling terms of the dream unless we wake, anymore than we can escape the terms of our living reality unless we die.Later in his life, as a more mature and serious writer, Morrison attempted to awaken from his own ‘ living reality, ’ he had become very aware of the naivete of his early work. He reflects on the significance of some of his early ideas and acknowledges the limits of his experience and youthful literary talents in terms of an expression of his life, art, and as a ‘prophetic’ poet: I think in art, but especially in films, people are trying to confirm their own existence. Somehow things seem more real if they an be photographed and you can create a semblance of life on the screen. But those little aphorisms that make up most of The Lords — if I could have said it any other way, I would have. They tend to be mulled over. I take a few seriously. I did most of that book when I was at the film school at UCLA. It was really a thesis on film esthetics. I wasn’t able to make films then, so all I was able to do was think about them and write about them, and it probably reflects a lot of that.A lot of passages in it — for example about shamanism — turned out to be very prophetic several years later because I had no idea when I was writing that, that I’d be doing just that. The motif of the city in Morrison's poetry is as surrealistic as it is symbolic in the strange juxtapositions of vivid imagery, symbol, and metaphors of human consciousness. The truth is, one can never truly understand the mind of the American Poet. We are here, humbled by grandeur of his work, basking in the shadow of a creative mind we cannot comprehend.I have based my life's work off the poetry this one man has sent left behind, and here is my humble attempt to make a third person understand, not the poetry, but what I took away from it. I have reached a point in life where I feel the need to broaden my horizons, to move on from my never ending obsession with Morrison and his words, so I write these words not to have them read or heard, but as a rite of passage. Goodbye Jim Morrison, and thank you for every thing. I shall forever be waiting at the harbor for t he one day when the Crystal Ship comes in. Forever waiting for one last word to the world, from Mister Mojo Rising.

Baby Satisfaction

From the point of conception to the time of birth, the life of the baby and that of its mother is held by the medical and nursing practitioners to be very sacrosanct so that it is expedient that these be closely medically monitored. This is because, failure to implement close follow ups on prenatal, natal and antenatal care has claimed many lives of unborn and new born children, as well as that of the mothers. It is against this backdrop that Baby Satisfaction programs have been introduced with an emphasis being placed on the well being of the baby, right from birth to the stage whereby it develops into a toddler.In most cases, these institutions have retracted their child medical programs to include the conception stage also. Hospitals that are centered towards Baby Satisfaction are primarily geared towards making sure that the health, emotional and physical welfare are all catered for in an adequate manner. This paper tackles the concept and practice of Baby Satisfaction. Introduct ion Baby Satisfaction is a child medical services program that seeks to ensure that the new born has emotional conditions, physical settings and a healthy environment surrounding it.However, modern day trends have made comprehensive measures so as to ensure that even the prenatal care and conditions of the baby are also looked at altogether. Baby Satisfaction type of care ensures that there are no cases of child theft, mishandling or neglect. At the same time, the measure to detect the slightest health related anomaly is also carried out so as to ward off any danger by medical intervention. It shall therefore be seen how Baby Satisfaction improves the quality and longevity of the new born’s life.Conclusion It is therefore important to note that the ameliorations that have come up in the new born child medical healthcare due to the adoption of Baby Satisfaction are too magnanimous to be ignored. It is thus important that the US government ensures that the program realizes enou gh funding for the efficient running of Baby Satisfaction. The gain that the government will have accrued is that it will have extirpated infant mortality rates. Article Summaries Article 1 Christiaens, W. , Gouwy, A., and Bracke, P. (2007). Home and Hospital Satisfaction on Childbirth. A cross-national comparison. Ghent: Ghent University Press. http://www. pubmedcentral. nih. gov/articlerender. fcgi? artid=1939703 The importance of this journal is that it spells out the roles that are to be played by nurses in ensuring the physical and health safety of the new born child. This means that the journal is very resourceful in acquainting the nurse with the roles and duties that she is to play towards the well being of the child.The dispensation of the information that is provided by Christiaens Gouwy and Bracke is therefore also instrumental in abating cases of disputes touching on the dereliction of duties on the side of the nurse. The gravity of such like cases has seen the disappear ance or the death of a new born in hospitals and other health care institutions. Article 2 Johnson, K. (2005). Baby Satisfaction: Professional Roles of Midwives. Ottawa: Public Health Agency of Canada. http://www. bmj. com/cgi/content/full/330/7505/1416? etocThe uniqueness of this journal is based on the fact that it does delve into the â€Å"how†, as far as the provision of the New Baby Satisfaction is concerned. The illustrious and simplified means by which the service are to be followed come in handy, as even the apprentice in nursing and midwifery can even follow them step by step to the latter. The book is also important to the healthcare institutions that provide Baby Satisfaction since it delves on the need and the means of creating felicity conditions for the Baby Satisfaction services to be said to exist and fully operational.Article 3 Kristen, C. (2007). A new Generation of Nurses: An Emergency Nursing Journal. Branford: Branford Press. Vol 30. Issue no. 3. 206-211. http://linkinghub. elsevier. com/retrieve/pii/S0099176704001746 Kristen in this journal provides very instrumental information of matters that touch on Baby Satisfaction and Safety. Very pivotal matters such as hygiene, the protocol that is to be observed, the rights of the mother and the child versus that of the nurse and other medical practitioners, are discussed to a reasonable length.All these information is important since Kristen wrote this journal with an overall intention of warding off cases of infant mortality, still births, loss of new born children in hospitals, overstepping of another officer’s mandate, and pertinent legal issues that may spring out of all these topics that have been discussed. This is why the journal is important to this study. References Christiaens, W. , Gouwy, A. , and Bracke, P. (2007). Home and Hospital Satisfaction on Childbirth.A cross-national comparison. Ghent: Ghent University Press. http://www. pubmedcentral. nih. gov/articlerender. fcgi? artid=1939703 Johnson, K. (2005). Baby Satisfaction: Professional Roles of Midwives. Ottawa: Public Health Agency of Canada. http://www. bmj. com/cgi/content/full/330/7505/1416? etoc Kristen, C. (2007). A new Generation of Nurses: An Emergency Nursing Journal. Branford: Branford Press. Vol 30. Issue no. 3. 206-211. http://linkinghub. elsevier. com/retrieve/pii/S0099176704001746

The Causes of the Downfall of Communism

The Causes of the Downfall of Communism Communism gained a strong foothold in the world during the first half of the 20th century, with one-third of the worlds population living under some form of communism by the 1970s. However, just a decade later, many of the major communist governments around the world toppled. What brought about this collapse? The First Cracks in the Wall By the time Joseph Stalin died in March of 1953, the Soviet Union had emerged as a major industrial power. Despite the reign of terror that defined Stalin’s regime, his death was mourned by thousands of Russians and brought about a general sense of uncertainty about the future of the Communist state. Soon following Stalin’s death, a power struggle ensued for leadership of the Soviet Union. Nikita Khrushchev eventually emerged the victor but the instability that had preceded his ascent to the premiership had emboldened some anti-Communists within the eastern European satellite states. Uprisings in both Bulgaria and Czechoslovakia were quickly quelled but one of the most significant uprisings occurred in East Germany. In June of 1953, workers in East Berlin staged a strike over conditions in the country that soon spread to the rest of the nation. The strike was quickly crushed by East German and Soviet military forces and sent a strong message that any dissent against Communist rule would be dealt with harshly. Nevertheless, unrest continued to spread throughout Eastern Europe and hit a crescendo in 1956, when both Hungary and Poland saw massive demonstrations against Communist rule and Soviet influence. Soviet forces invaded Hungary in November of 1956 to crush what was now being called the Hungarian Revolution. Scores of Hungarians died as a result of the invasion, sending waves of concern throughout the western world. For the time being, the military actions seemed to have put a damper on anti-Communist activity. Just a few decades later, it would start again. The Solidarity Movement The 1980s would see the emergence of another phenomenon that would ultimately chip away at the Soviet Union’s power and influence. The Solidarity movement- championed by the Polish activist Lech Walesa- emerged as a reaction to policies introduced by the Polish Communist Party in 1980. In April 1980, Poland decided to curb food subsidies, which had been a life-line for many Poles suffering through economic difficulties. Polish shipyard workers in the city of Gdansk decided to organize a strike when petitions for wage-increases were denied. The strike quickly spread across the country, with factory workers all over Poland voting to stand in solidarity with the workers in Gdansk. Strikes continued for the next 15 months, with negotiations ongoing between the leaders of Solidarity and the Polish Communist regime. Finally, in October of 1982, the Polish government decided to order full martial law, which saw an end to the Solidarity movement. Despite its ultimate failure, the movement saw a foreshadowing of the end of Communism in Eastern Europe.   Gorbachev In March of 1985, the Soviet Union gained a new leader Mikhail Gorbachev. Gorbachev was young, forward-thinking, and reform-minded. He knew the Soviet Union faced many internal problems, not the least of which was an economic downturn and a general sense of discontentment with Communism. He wanted to introduce a broad policy of economic restructuring, which he called perestroika. However, Gorbachev knew that the regime’s powerful bureaucrats had often stood in the way of economic reform in the past. He needed to get the people on his side to put pressure on the bureaucrats and thus introduced two new policies: glasnost (meaning ‘openness’) and demokratizatsiya (democratization). They were intended to encourage ordinary Russian citizens to openly voice their concern and unhappiness with the regime. Gorbachev hoped the policies would encourage people to speak out against the central government and thus put pressure on the bureaucrats to approve his intended economic reforms. The policies had their intended effect but soon got out of control. When Russians realized that Gorbachev would not crack down on their newly won freedom of expression, their complaints went far beyond mere discontentment with the regime and the bureaucracy. The whole concept of communism- its history, ideology, and effectiveness as a system of government- came up for debate. These democratization policies made Gorbachev extremely popular both in Russia and abroad. Falling Like Dominoes When people all across Communist Eastern Europe got wind that the Russians would do little to quell dissent, they began to challenge their own regimes and work to develop pluralist systems in their countries. One by one, like dominoes, Eastern Europe’s Communist regimes began to topple. The wave started with Hungary and Poland in 1989 and soon spread to Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria, and Romania. East Germany, too, was rocked by nation-wide demonstrations that eventually led the regime there to allow its citizens to travel once more to the West. Scores of people crossed the border and both East and West Berliners (who had not had contact in almost 30 years) gathered around the Berlin Wall, dismembering it bit by bit with pickaxes and other tools. The East German government was unable to hold onto power and the reunification of Germany occurred soon after, in 1990. One year later, in December of 1991, the Soviet Union disintegrated and ceased to exist. It was the final death knell of the Cold War and marked an end of Communism in Europe, where it had first been established 74 years prior. Although Communism has nearly died out, there are still five countries that remain Communist: China, Cuba, Laos, North Korea, and Vietnam.

Philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 54

Philosophy - Essay Example Philosophy mostly relies on critical thinking, the development of theories builds on what exists, research, and knowledge acquisition. Philosophy is a very old discipline, ranging from the writing of the Bible, to accredited philosophers such as Socrates, Plato and the likes of desecrates. Philosophers are better placed in their field of interest, be it politics, economics or any other related field. Contemporary philosophers review various aspects ranging from economics and politics, such as Max Weber and John Locke, to new philosophies of living a happy life, which has been developed by various philosophers such as one of the most respected modern day philosopher, Dalai Rama. Religion is another field of philosophy that has been widely discussed with the likes of Karl Max, Sigmund Freud and other related philosophers reviewing the field. The vastness of philosophy is cannot be summarized in one book and even the best philosophy book is only limited to topics or philosophers that interested the author. Logic and rationalism are the key guiding principles of any philosophical theory. Not just any argument can be termed as a philosophy. Philosophies are wide, vast and contain countless points of views or perspectives about a given topic. As such, philosophers are appreciably much respected for their overall capacity to think and reason on one topic until a set system that is workable and that produces results in line with the philosophy have been determined. Unlike most disciplines, philosophies are not meant to make money, but rather to improve lives. As such, it is very rare to find a philosophy institute whose prime objective is making profits. The basic reason for existence of philosophy is understand certain challenges and problems existing in our current reality. Some philosophies are still not well known and as such, these fields are not as respected as the likes of Philosophy of Art, Logical reasoning philosophy, epistemology or

Propostition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Propostition - Essay Example Among the most vivid issues is the sexual tendency of Mary. It is clear that she found opportunities to use sex as a way of surviving in the extremely demanding and fast growing city of New York. For this reason, she could reap economic benefits from the many encounters she was bound to have. Secondly, it is evident as per Amy’s perspective that she represented a class of indecisive women who were readily practicing manipulation through use of their beauty. It is only normal that one may have negative escapades with people while exercising such vices. While working at the cigar shop where she had been employed, Mary had once disappeared and then resurfaced after a period of time. This shows that she was not a stranger perplexing acts. It is also strange of how a suitor by the name Cromellin retreated after having his proposal rejected. The silence and attention may seem evil. Also, during the times she worked, there had been several youth gangs in the area. They committed acts of violence in the streets causing the police to be put on the spotlight. Mary’s daily routines of interaction with such people obviously did not translate well considering her manipulative nature. Consequently, there arise a lot of players in the life of Mary, many of whom have or may have a score to settle with her. It can be assumed that hers is a mysterious death since no one can point a finger at a specific player. On the other hand, it can be opposed that her death was not mysterious but rather consequential. Settling on the sexuality nature, it can be argued that the final conclusion of the police investigation may have been true. The police concluded that her death may have been as a result of a botched abortion procedure. Considering her sexual involvement with young men it is natural that she could have got pregnant. Mary also had a love affair with David Payne and they had planned to get married. Afterwards, Mary showed up at Crommelin premises (who she had earlie r rejected) planning for a reconciliation. Crommelin’s failure respond to the desperation letters from Mary finally prompted her to ask for financial assistance from him. It is understood that Crommelin did not respond therefore Mary acquired the money for an â€Å"emergency† elsewhere. On acquisition of the money she disappeared. Amy, in her book, asserts that she may have been seen in a place known for conducting abortions. In addition, witnesses reported that they had spotted Mary at a joint owned by a woman who executed such practices. The woman known as Mrs. Loss was a disciple of Madam Lestell (nicknamed Madam Killer). She had derived her nickname from her long-standing belief that the only birth control method was abortion. Since she was rather too reserved for the richer women, Mrs. Loss would take care of Mary. Mrs. Loss she denied any involvement with Mary upon interrogation. However, clothes resembling Mary’s were found at the nearby thicket. The woma n also admitted to hearing screams in the nearby bush. The evidence documented by the author and largely point to the act of abortion perpetrated by Mary Rodgers. More so, the asking of an â€Å"emergency loan† by Mary and the sight of her at the place associated with abortion inclines towards the act abortion. The final conclusion of the police: terming the death as a result of a botched abortion is dependable considering the provisions. This conclusion is more dependable than that of terming the